ASTM E111-97

1.1 This test method covers the determination of Young's modulus, tangent modulus, and chord modulus of structural materials. This test method is limited to materials in which and to temperatures and stresses at which creep is negligible compared to the strain produced immediately upon loading and to elastic behavior.

1.2 Because of experimental problems associated with the establishment of the origin of the stress-strain curve described in 8.1, the use of either initial tangent modulus (that is, the slope of the stress-strain curve at the origin) or secant modulus is not recommended and their determination is outside the scope of this test method.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.