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Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
Přeložit název
NORMA vydána dne 1.3.2023
Označení normy: ASTM D86-23
Poznámka: NEPLATNÁ
Datum vydání normy: 1.3.2023
Kód zboží: NS-1136694
Počet stran: 29
Přibližná hmotnost: 87 g (0.19 liber)
Země: Americká technická norma
Kategorie: Technické normy ASTM
Keywords:
batch distillation, distillates, distillation, laboratory distillation, petroleum products,, ICS Number Code 75.080 (Petroleum products in general)
Significance and Use | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5.1?The basic test method of determining the boiling range of a petroleum product by performing a simple batch distillation has been in use as long as the petroleum industry has existed. It is one of the oldest test methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02, dating from the time when it was still referred to as the Engler distillation. Since the test method has been in use for such an extended period, a tremendous number of historical data bases exist for estimating end-use sensitivity on products and processes. 5.2?The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors. 5.3?The distillation characteristics are critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperature or at high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits. 5.4?Volatility, as it affects rate of evaporation, is an important factor in the application of many solvents, particularly those used in paints. 5.5?Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules. |
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1. Scope | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1.1?This test method covers the atmospheric distillation of petroleum products and liquid fuels using a laboratory batch distillation unit to determine quantitatively the boiling range characteristics of such products as light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels with or without oxygenates (see Note 1), aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, diesel fuels, biodiesel blends up to 30 % volume, marine fuels, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, and Grades 1 and 2 burner fuels. Note 1:?An interlaboratory study was conducted in 2008
involving 11 different laboratories submitting 15 data sets and 15
different samples of ethanol-fuel blends containing 25 % volume, 50
% volume, and 75 % volume ethanol. The results indicate that the
repeatability limits of these samples are comparable or within the
published repeatability of the method (with the exception of FBP of
75 % ethanol-fuel blends). On this basis, it can be concluded that
Test Method D86 is applicable
to ethanol-fuel blends such as Ed75 and Ed85 (Specification
D5798) or other ethanol-fuel
blends with greater than 10 % volume ethanol. See ASTM RR:D02-1694
for supporting data.1.2?The
test method is designed for the analysis of distillate fuels; it is
not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of
residual material.
1.3?This test method covers both manual and automated instruments. 1.4?Unless otherwise noted, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.5?1.6?This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7?This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. |
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2. Referenced Documents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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