ASTM D7242/D7242M-06(2013)e1

5.5.1 Some of the advantages relative to pump tests include:

5.5.2 Some advantages relative to slug tests using water or a mechanical slug include:

5.5.3 Some disadvantages of slug tests as compared to pumping tests include:

5.5.4 Some disadvantages of the pneumatic slug test relative to slug tests using water or a mechanical slug include:

5.6.1 DP methods minimize generation of soil cuttings reducing waste handling and disposal costs at contaminated sites during the installation of permanent wells (Guide D6724, Practice D6725) and temporary groundwater monitoring devices (Guide D6001).

5.6.2 Several types of temporary groundwater monitoring devices may be installed by DP methods (Guide D6001). These tools may be installed at various depths and various locations for slug testing and groundwater sampling in unconsolidated materials. Most of these tools are extracted for decontamination and multiple re-use, and can minimize the need for permanent well installations.

5.6.3 Short screens may be used to slug test discrete depth intervals to document vertical and lateral variations of K within an aquifer in a cost and time effective manner.

5.6.4 Equipment required to install DP wells and temporary groundwater samplers are often smaller and more mobile than conventional rotary drilling equipment. This can make site access easier and more rapid.

5.6.5 Other direct push screening and sampling methods, for example Guide D6282 on soil sampling, can be used to detect test zones in advance of slug testing, which helps with knowledge of test location.

5.6.6 Direct push tests are minimally intrusive.

5.6.7 Direct push tests are generally more rapid and less expensive than other drilling methods.

5.7.1 DP methods generally provide a smaller diameter bore hole than traditional rotary drilling. This may limit the size of equipment than can be placed down hole.

5.7.2 Direct push tools are designed to penetrate unconsolidated materials only. Other rotary drilling methods will be required to penetrate consolidated rock.

5.7.3 Some subsurface conditions may limit the depth of penetration of DP methods and tools. Some examples include thick caliche layers, cobbles or boulders, or very dense materials, such as high density glacial tills.

1.2 This standard practice is used to obtain the required field data for determining hydraulic properties of an aquifer or a specified vertical interval of an aquifer. Field data obtained from application of this practice are modeled with appropriate analytical procedures (Test Methods D4104, D5785, D5881, D5912, Ref (1)²).

1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title means that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.