ASTM F685-96(2011)

Many dry electrostatic developers consist of toners and carriers and only the toner portion of which forms the visible image on the copy. Single-component toner (or developer) does not contain a carrier, and in theory, when properly used, is consumed at a rate proportional to the image area and density. As with all dry developers, single-component toners (or developers) are not 100 % efficient. Some toner is lost to the surroundings (inside or outside of the copiers). This loss is also dependent on copier adjustments and may be significant enough to affect the total number of copies capable of being produced by a specific amount of toner.

1.1 This practice covers the determination of toner usage, efficiency of toner deposition on an imaged copy, and dusting in those nonheat fixing copiers utilizing a single-component toner.

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 8 and 10.19.2 for specific precautions and warnings.