ASTM E81-96(2017)

3.1 Pole figures are two-dimensional graphic representations, on polar coordinate paper, of the average distribution of crystallite orientations in three dimensions. Data for constructing pole figures are obtained with X-ray diffractometers, using reflection and transmission techniques.

3.2 Several alternative procedures may be used. Some produce complete pole figures. Others yield partial pole figures, which may be combined to produce a complete figure.

1.1 This test method covers the use of the X-ray diffractometer to prepare quantitative pole figures.

1.2 The test method consists of several experimental procedures. Some of the procedures (1-5)2 permit preparation of a complete pole figure. Others must be used in combination to produce a complete pole figure.

1.3 Pole figures (6) and inverse pole figures 1.4 Provided the orientation is homogeneous through the thickness of the sheet, certain procedures 1.5 Provided the orientation has mirror symmetry with respect to planes perpendicular to the rolling, transverse, and normal directions, certain procedures (4, 5, 24) may be used to obtain a complete pole figure.

1.6 The test method emphasizes the Schulz reflection technique 1.7 The test method also includes a description of the transmission technique of Decker, et al 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.