ASTM D5872/D5872M-18

4.1 Casing advancement may be used in support of geoenvironmental exploration and for installation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices in both unconsolidated and consolidated sediment. Casing advancement systems and procedures used for geoenvironmental exploration and instrumentation installations consist of direct air-rotary drilling utilizing conventional rotary bits or a down-the-hole hammer drill with under reaming capability, in combination with a drill through casing driver.

4.2 The application of casing advancement drilling to geoenvironmental exploration may involve soil or rock sampling, or in situ soil, rock, or pore-fluid testing. The user may install a monitoring device within the same borehole wherein sampling, in situ or pore-fluid testing, or coring was performed.

4.3 The subsurface water quality monitoring devices that are addressed in this guide consist generally of a screened or porous intake device and riser pipe(s) that are usually installed with a filter pack to enhance the longevity of the intake unit, and with isolation seals and low-permeability backfill to deter the movement of fluids or infiltration of surface water between hydrogeologic units penetrated by the borehole (see Practice D5092). A piezometer is primarily a device used for measuring subsurface hydraulic heads, the conversion of a piezometer to a water quality monitoring device should be made only after consideration of the overall quality and integrity of the installation to include the quality of materials that will contact sampled water or gas. Both water quality monitoring devices and piezometers should have adequate casing seals, annular isolation seals, and backfills to deter communication of contaminants between hydrogeologic units.

1.1 This guide covers how casing advancement drilling and sampling procedures may be used for geoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurface water quality monitoring devices.

1.2 Different methods exist to advance casing for geoenvironmental exploration. Selection of a particular method should be made on the basis of geologic conditions at the site. This guide does not include procedures for wireline rotary casing advancer systems which are addressed in Guide D5786.

1.3 Casing advancement drilling methods for geoenvironmental exploration and monitoring-device installations will often involve safety planning, administration, and documentation. This guide does not purport to specifically address exploration and site safety.

1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.

1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.