ASTM D1319-18

5.1 The determination of the total volume percent of saturates, olefins, and aromatics in petroleum fractions is important in characterizing the quality of petroleum fractions as gasoline blending components and as feeds to catalytic reforming processes. This information is also important in characterizing petroleum fractions and products from catalytic reforming and from thermal and catalytic cracking as blending components for motor and aviation fuels. This information is also important as a measure of the quality of fuels, such as specified in Specification D1655.

1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrocarbon types over the concentration ranges from 5 % to 99 % by volume  aromatics, 0.3 % to 55 % by volume olefins, and 1 % to 95 % by volume  saturates in petroleum fractions that distill below 315 °C. This test method may apply to concentrations outside these ranges, but the precision has not been determined. Samples containing dark-colored components that interfere in reading the chromatographic bands cannot be analyzed.

1.2 This test method is intended for use with full boiling range products. Cooperative data have established that the precision statement does not apply to narrow boiling petroleum fractions near the 315 °C limit. Such samples are not eluted properly, and results are erratic.

1.3 This test method includes a relative bias section based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D1319 and Test Method D5769 for total aromatics in spark-ignition engine fuels as a possible Test Method D1319 alternative to Test Method D5769 for U.S. EPA spark-ignition engine fuel regulations reporting. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total aromatic concentration range from 3.3 % to 34.4 % by volume as measured by Test Method D1319 and the distillation temperature T₉₅, at which 95 % of the sample has evaporated, ranges from 149.1 °C to 196.6 °C (300.3 °F to 385.8 °F) when tested according to Test Method D86.